Guardianships

Supporting families through adult and minor guardianship matters in Bergen County.

At the Bergen County Surrogate’s Court, we understand that guardianship matters often arise during challenging times for families. Our goal is to provide clear guidance, trustworthy resources, and compassionate support as you navigate questions about the care and financial protection of a loved one.

This page brings together statewide guardianship tools from the New Jersey Courts, detailed information about adult guardianships and guardianships on behalf of minors, and an overview of how the Surrogate’s Court helps manage minor funds through our Intermingled Account.

Guardianship Overview & NJ Courts Resources

The New Jersey Courts Online Website has posted tutorials and reporting forms as well as booklets that are essential to understanding the duties associated with guardianship of the person and guardianship of the property: https://www.njcourts.gov/self-help/guardianship .

These essential booklets will:

  • Walk you through guiding principles of guardianship.
  • Help you locate resources and support services.
  • Explain an incapacitated individual’s rights.
  • Clarify important concepts such as substituted judgment, inventory, gifting, the “best interest” standard, and informed consent.

This website also contains links for guidelines for the application process, accounting and taxes, and a section of important Court Rules/Information and frequently asked questions regarding guardianships that you may wish to familiarize yourself with.

Tip: Even with excellent online resources, every situation is unique. If you are unsure which forms to use or how to proceed, please call the Surrogate’s Court. Our staff is here to help.

Adult Guardianships at a Glance

Adult guardianships are used when a person is unable to govern themselves due to medical necessity or cognitive impairment. Under N.J. Court Rule 1:34-2, the Bergen County Surrogate acts as Deputy Clerk for the Superior Court, Chancery Division, Probate Part for the filing of the appropriate pleadings.

Adults are declared incapacitated in Superior Court by way of an Order to Show Cause, Verified Complaint, and certain required affidavits. The Court will appoint an independent attorney to represent the alleged incapacitated person. A report is generated and a plenary hearing may be required.

Upon adjudication, the Surrogate qualifies the court-appointed guardian(s) and issues the official Letters of Guardianship.

Responsibilities of Legal Guardians

  • Make legal, personal, medical, and residential decisions on behalf of the ward.
  • Control assets, manage budgets, pay debts, and make financial decisions when authorized.
  • Act in the ward’s best interest and, whenever possible, preserve the ward’s independence.

Safeguards & Monitoring

  • Guardians must file annual reports on the ward’s well-being and the status of financial affairs.
  • Background screening and ongoing court oversight help minimize abuse of power by guardians.
  • The Surrogate’s Court will also be the base for the State Guardianship Monitoring Program, under which volunteers review annual reports and, in some cases, the ward’s residence.

Guardianship on Behalf of a Minor

There are several reasons that result in the need for a guardian to be appointed on behalf of a minor (a person under the age of 18 years). The most common, that we address here, is when a minor, who is a Bergen County resident, is to receive assets, usually money, but this can also include real estate, stocks and bonds, in amounts greater than $5,000 per annum.

Among the more usual causes is if a minor is involved in an accident and receives a monetary settlement. The Superior Court of New Jersey enters a judgment for settlement to formalize, in a written document, that settlement. If the settlement is greater than $5,000 a guardian of the property of the minor has to be appointed.

A guardian, similar to any other fiduciary, before entering upon their office is required to obtain and file with the court appointing them, a surety bond. However, if the size of the settlement does not justify the annual cost of a surety bond’s premium, then there is a statutory provision that allows the qualifying guardian to apply to the Superior Court of New Jersey to not have to secure and file a guardian’s surety bond.

In addition, that statutory provision includes that the guardian simultaneously petition the Superior Court to order the settlement funds be placed under the custodial care of the Bergen County Surrogate’s Court, in the Surrogate’s Intermingled Account.

The Intermingled Account

Since September 1981 the Bergen County Surrogate’s Court has had an Intermingled Account. Currently it is comprised of more than $23 million dollars of minors’ funds. These funds and the Intermingled Account are governed by statute, court rules and guidelines approved by the New Jersey Supreme Court.

In accordance with the foregoing, these funds are all FDIC insured, they earn interest that is accrued and compounded daily, and paid to each minor’s account monthly.

Pursuant to the guidelines, the interest rate that the Intermingled Account earns periodically changes, as will the banking institution that serves as the depository of and for the Bergen County Surrogate’s Court’s Intermingled Account. Since its inception (over thirty years ago) the Bergen County Surrogate’s Court’s Intermingled Account has earned an average annualized rate of return of 5.4261%.

Smaller Settlements (Under $5,000)

Conversely, if the settlement is not greater than $5,000 there are five (5) statutory options that the court can order regarding the disposition of the settlement funds:

  1. Deliver the settlement funds directly to the person under age 18 if they are married.
  2. Deliver the settlement funds to the minor’s parent(s).
  3. Deliver the settlement funds to the guardian of the person of the minor.
  4. Deliver the settlement funds to an adult who has the custody of the minor.
  5. Deliver the settlement funds to a banking institution on behalf of the minor.
Minor Guardianships – Key Points
  • Guardians are appointed by the Surrogate for those who are under 18.
  • Required when a minor receives assets over $5,000.
  • If one parent dies, the surviving parent typically becomes guardian of the person of the minor.
  • In the absence of both parents, the Surrogate or Superior Court may appoint a guardian.
  • A guardian can be appointed for the person, the estate (property), or both, depending on the circumstances.
How the Surrogate’s Court Helps
  • Serves as custodian of settlement funds deposited into the Intermingled Account for minors.
  • Ensures compliance with court rules and protects the minor’s funds until age eighteen.
  • Provides information and direction on how to petition the court for guardianship of a minor’s property.

Questions About Guardianships?

Guardianship matters can feel complex and emotional. You do not have to navigate them alone. The staff of the Bergen County Surrogate’s Court is honored to serve our friends, neighbors, and families here in Bergen County.

Contact Us:
Bergen County Surrogate’s Court
Two Bergen County Plaza, Suite 5000
Hackensack, NJ 07601
Phone: (201) 336-6700

For guardianship and court matters you may also e-mail: bersurrcourt@bergencountynj.gov

We are grateful for the dedicated staff who work every day to safeguard vulnerable individuals, manage guardianship matters with care, and help ensure that Bergen County residents receive the support they need.